Person Page - 43

Hulda Bartlett¹

Father	Elijah Bartlett1 b. 6 Mar 1725, d. 29 Oct 1788
Mother	Bathsheba Gilbert1 b. 28 Mar 1730, d. 4 Aug 1807

Last Edited

9 Feb 2025

Birth*	Hulda, daughter of Elijah Bartlett and Bathsheba Gilbert, was born on 11 May 1765 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England. MA Town & Vitals says 1766?.2,3,1,4
Marriage*	She married Robert Cutler on 26 February 1788. My preliminary research suggests their children were James Harvey Cutler (1788-1863), m. Orilla Howard 1820 at Sacket's Harbor, NY; issue per Hibner were,      James Harvey Cutler (1788-1863), m. Orilla Howard 1820 at Sacket's Harbor, NY; issue per Hibner were Robert Otis (1821-1876), Charles (1825-1858), Rensselaer (1827-1882), Albert (1828-1896) and Orilla Matilda (1829- ) Cutler;      Mary Ellen Cutler (1791-1816);      Henry Pliny Cutler (1793- );      Joseph Cutler (1796-1822);      Otis Cutler (1798-1816);      Harriet Cutler (1800-1842), m. Horation Nelson Hubbell 1832; issue per Hibner were Louisa Carlisle (1833-1834), Theodore Nelson (1835-1901) and William Hierlihy (1837-1862, KIA battle of Cedar Mountain);      Phebe Ward Cutler (1802-1860), m1 Otis Crosby, m2 John Guerrant Miller; issue per Find A Grave were Mary Crosby (1824-1877), Harriet H Crosby (1830-1897) and Charles B Miller (1840-1861);      Robert Cutler (1805-1858), m. Lucinda H Vance 1833; issue per Find A Grave was Phebe Cynthia Cutler (1833-1836); issue per Hibner were Maria, Mary E, Robert and Harriet Cutler; and      Samuel Cutler (1807-1872), m. Cornelia Honor Hubbell 1836; issue per Hibner and/or Find A Grave were George O (1837-1863), Helen C (1839-1839), Dr Henry Pliny (1841-1903), Samuel H (1844-1845), Cornelia H (1844-1845) and Millen (unk-1839) Cutler.3,5
Death*	Hulda died on 23 May 1833 in Columbus, Franklin Co., Ohio, at age 68. Hibner & Find A Grave both say she died 23 May 1833 but the headstone pretty clearly says 12 May.3,5
Burial*	She was buried at Green Lawn Cemetery in Columbus, Franklin Co., Ohio. Find A Grave provides headstone photo.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Persis Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

10 Feb 2025

Birth*	Persis, daughter of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 27 July 1753 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1
Marriage*	She married Joseph Pepper on 27 June 1775. My preliminary research suggests their children were Thomas Pepper (bp1780- ), Esther Pepper (bp1780- , one of this name from Ware m. pub. 1814 Asa Russell), Persis Pepper (bp1781- ) and Achsah Pepper (bp1797- ).2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Abner Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

10 Feb 2025

Birth*	Abner, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 18 April 1755 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.2,1
Milit-Service*	Abner Bartlett served as private with the Minute Men of Capt. Joseph Gilbert's Company, later with Capt. Peter Harwood's Company, Col. Learned's regiment during the Revolutionary War from 14 November 1774 to August 1775. He was with Capt. Gilbert when they marched on the alarm of 19 Apr 1775.3,4,5
Marriage*	He married Martha "Patty" Forbes on 14 January 1778. Martha m2 pub. 1794 Phinehas Waite of Leicester, MA. My preliminary research suggests their children were,      Persis Bartlett (1778-1861, m1 Winthrop Earle of Leicester 1796; issue Horace, Almira, Eliza, Otis D and Winthrop Earle. m2 Alpheus Smith of Leicester 1808; issue Marshall, Edward, Edward, Henry, Eliza Earle and Maria Smith);      Obediah Bartlett (1780- );      Luther Bartlett (1783-1804, m. Olive Olds at Brookfield 1804; issue per Hibner were Hiram, Almira, Liberty, Eliza Earle, Olive, Lucy (Emeline) and Oliver Crosby Bartlett);      Abner Bartlett (1785-1822);      Tilly Bartlett (1788- );      Amos Bartlett (1789- ).5
Death*	Abner died in 1792.5

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Solomon Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

10 Feb 2025

Birth*	Solomon, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 12 February 1757 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1,2
Milit-Service*	Solomon Bartlett served as private with Capt. Daniel Gilbert's Company, Col. Converse's (4th Worcester) Regiment during the Revolutionary War from April 1777 to March 1778. Soldiers & Sailors complete entry reads as follows, "Bartlet, Solomon, Brookfield. Return of men enlisted into Continental Army from Capt. Daniel Gilbert's co., Col. Converse's (-Ith Worcester Co.) regt., dated Feb. 17, 1778; joined Capt. Nathan Goodale's co., Col. Rufus Putnam's regt; enlistment, 3 years; reported mustered by Thomas Newhall, Muster Master, April 10, 1777; also, Private, Maj. Allen's co.. Col. Putnam's regt; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Feb. 10, 1777, to March 1, 1778; reported discharged March 1, 1778; also, Capt. Goodale's co., Col. Putnam's regt; muster return dated Albany, Feb. 9, 1778".3,4
Marriage*	His first marriage was to Huldy Washburn on 10 June 1781 at Bridgewater, Plymouth Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England. My preliminary research suggests their children were,      Darius Bartlett (1783-1809, b. Brookfield; m. Esther Converse 1809);      Thomas Bartlett (1785- , b. Brookfield);      Chancy Bartlett (1788-1874, b. Brookfield; m. Mehitable Curtis 1874, six kids at Hibner);      Joel Bartlett (1792- , b. Brookfield).5
Marriage*	His second marriage was to Mercy Olds on 6 January 1793. My preliminary research suggests their only child was Caroline Bartlett (1796-1842).6
Marriage*	His third marriage was to Prudence Lnu circa 1799. My preliminary research suggests their only child was Levi Bartlett (1800-1881, m. Nancy Batchelder, six kids at Hibner).6
Marriage*	His fourth marriage was to Susanna Lnu after 1800, date based on son Levi born ca. 1800 by Solomon's third wife Prudence.6
Death*	Solomon died on 26 April 1838 in Plainfield, Washington Co., Vermont, at age 81.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Thomas Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

14 May 2016

Birth*

Thomas, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 22 January 1759 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Lydia Bartlett^1,2

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

10 Feb 2025

Birth*	Lydia, daughter of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 17 May 1761 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1,3
Marriage*	She married Thomas Waite on 11 February 1781. My preliminary research suggests their children were,      John Waite (1782-a1814, m. Phebe Wesson of Brookfield 1805);      Martha Waite (1784- , m. Isaac Hamilton 1808);      Fanny Waite (-a1814, m. John Orcutt; she was living in Vernon, CT in 1815);      Thomas Waite (1789- , m. Amy Davis of Stafford, CT 1810);      William Waite ( -a1814, m. Fnu Johnson; he was living in Boyle, Ontario, NY in 1815) After Lydia's death Thomas m2 Dolly Carpenter 1797.3
Death*	Lydia died on 11 March 1796 at age 34.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Dewing Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

14 May 2016

Birth*

Dewing, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 19 June 1762 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Derias Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

14 May 2016

Birth*

Derias, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 8 May 1763 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Daniel Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

14 May 2016

Birth*	Daniel, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 16 February 1765 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1,2
Marriage*	He married Hannah Woodbury on 11 December 1786.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Rebecca Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

14 May 2016

Birth*

Rebecca, daughter of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 3 January 1767 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Lucy Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

10 Feb 2025

Birth*	Lucy, daughter of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 21 June 1769 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1,2,3
Marriage*	She married Col. John Muzzy IV on 29 May 1788. My preliminary research suggests their children were,      Lucy Muzzy (1789-);      Nancy Muzzy (1792-1859, m. Cap. Elliot Prouty 1815; issue in Hibner were Nancy A, John Elliott and Eliza Jane Prouty);      Tilly Muzzy (1795- );      Lydia Muzzy (1797- );      Lt. John Muzzy V (1799-1827).2
Death*	Lucy died on 15 October 1829 at age 60.2,3
Burial*	She was buried at Brookfield Cemetery in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Massachusetts. Find A Grave provides headstone photo.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Ezra Bartlett¹

Father	2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett1 b. 5 Apr 1730, d. 19 Nov 1779
Mother	Rebecca Adams1 b. 29 Feb 1736, d. 16 Sep 1807

Last Edited

11 Feb 2025

Birth*

Ezra, son of 2nd Lt. Obediah Bartlett and Rebecca Adams, was born on 23 August 1771 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1

Marriage*

He married Betsey Snow on 1 July 1794. My preliminary research suggests their children, all born in Brookfield, were Lydia Bartlett (1795- ), Emory Bartlett (1797- , m. Laura Howard 1825; four kids at Hibner), Maria Bartlett (1799-1831), Dwight Bartlett (1801-1829?, two of this name born this year), Rebecca Bartlett (1805- , m. Stephen J Strong of Brimfield 1838), Betsey Bartlett (1807- ), Keyes Bartlett (1809-1829), Adeline Bartlett (1811- ), Charlotte Bartlett (1814- ) and Mary Ann Bartlett (1817, prob m. Henry Harrison Hooker 1845).2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Sgt. Jonathan Bartlett^1,2

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

1 Feb 2025

Birth*	Jonathan, son of Joseph Bartlett Sr. and Sarah Jennings, was born on 18 September 1745 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England. Hibner shows the date as 18 Sep 174(5).3,1,4,5
Marriage*	He married Ann Mixer on 18 December 1768. My preliminary research suggests their children were Gedian Bartlett (1769- , b. Brookfield), Henry Bartlett (1771- , b. Brookfield) and Jonathan Bartlett (, b. Leverett, MA; m. Amy Mann).      Find A Grave alleges a daughter Chlorinda (Chloe) Bartlett who m. John Torrance in 1810. The Anders_Bartlett tree at FS makes same claim and offers six citations. The only one that supports this parent-child relationship in any manner is a death record in Massachusetts, U.S., Town and Vital Records, 1620-1988, entry for Chlorinda (indexed Chlarence) Torrance. It lists her parents as Jonathan and Annie. No maiden surname given.2,6
Milit-Service*	Sgt. Jonathan Bartlett served with Capt. Reuben Dickinson's Co., Col. Woodbridge's Regt. during the Revolutionary War circa 27 July 1775. Hibner adds following service: "also private company return dated Prospect Hill, Sept. 28, 1775; also descriptive list of enlisted men dated West Point, Jan. 10, 1781, Capt. Killam's Company, Col. Putnam's (5th) regiment... enlisted April 17, 1780, by Ensign Gilbert as sergeant, enlistment during the war. Also sergeant, Capt. Benson's Company, Col. Rufus Putnam's regiment. Cont. Army pay accounts for service from April 17, 1780, to Dec. 31, 1780. ... Muster jrolls for Jan. to Aril, 1781, dated at West Point; reported 'on pass' in April, 1781".2
Death*	Jonathan died on 31 March 1786 in Leverett, Franklin Co., Massachusetts, at age 40, being deceased in his father's will of this date.7
Burial*	He was buried at Hillsboro Cemetery in Leverett, Franklin Co., Massachusetts. Find A Grave provides NO headstone photo.5

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Joshua Bartlett¹

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

1 Feb 2025

Birth*	Joshua, son of Joseph Bartlett Sr. and Sarah Jennings, was born on 3 December 1747 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.2,1,3
Milit-Service*	Joshua Bartlett served during the Revolutionary War circa 1776. Hibner notes him as "possibly the one who was a Revolutionary soldier from Leverett, and New Salem, as his brother Jonathan settled in Leverett, Mass".3,4
Estate-Will	Joshua was named executor and an heir in the will of Joseph Bartlett Sr., his father, dated 19 August 1795 at Salem, Washington Co., New York, receiving 10 shillings.5,6
Estate-Admin	Joshua Bartlett and Theodore Barns administered the estate of Joseph Bartlett Sr. on 13 October 1795 at Washington Co., New York.7
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 1 February 2025 re issues with alleged wife and children.      It is claimed by Ancestry's Bartlett_Anders tree and/or by Joshua Bartlett's (ID KHWY-MZQ) tree at FS that he married Betty/Betsey Felton in Worcester Co., in 1767. That their children were Sally Bartlett (1770-1835, b. Windsor Co., VT), Betsey Bartlett (1772-1835, b. VT), Polly Bartlett (1774- , b. Windsor Co., VT), Montgomery Bartlett (1776- , b. VT), Nathan Bartlett (1778- , b. VT), Ayers Bartlett (1780- , b. VT), Nabby Bartlett (1783- , b. VT), Abigail Howe Bartlett (1784-1867, m. Capt. Lemuel Hooker 1810; six children at Find A Grave) and Nancy Bartlett (1787- , b. VT). The birth records for Betsey, Montgomery, Nathan, Ayers, Nabby and Nancy show their parents as Joshua and Sally Bartlett.      However marriage records show the couple as Joshua Bartlett & Betty Felton. Now Betty is a nickname for Elizabeth and Sally for Sarah. Yet nowhere I can find is the alleged wife called Sarah Elizabeth or its reverse. Conclusion is that all these children may or may not be the issue of Joshua.      Furthermore I find no evidence that the Joshua Bartlett who definitely did marry Betty Felton is our Joshua - no parental names, siblings, census confirmations, etc.      Finally, Abigail Howe Bartlett married Lemuel Hooker. She's got a Find A Grave memorial which alleges her parents to have been Joshua & Betsey Felton. Alas that information is not on her headstone nor is its provenance noted.

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Abigail Bartlett^1,2

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1,2 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1,2 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

1 Feb 2025

Birth*	Abigail, daughter of Joseph Bartlett Sr. and Sarah Jennings, was born on 4 May 1750 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.3,2
Death*	Abigail died on 2 December 1752 at age 2.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Cpl. Aaron Bartlett^1,2

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

27 Feb 2025

Christening*	Aaron was christened on 30 March 1753 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.3,4,5,6,2,7,8
Residence*	Aaron resided in Leverett, Franklin Co., Massachusetts, on 25 November 1775.9
Marriage*	He married Joanna Perkins on 25 November 1775 in Shutesbury, Franklin Co., Massachusetts, by Rev. M. Hill. Four additional children are listed in "Aaron of Brookfield". They are,      Perkins Bartlett (1790-1850;      Ira A Bartlett (1791-1879, m. bro Ransom's widow Susan Conrad 1834);      Asa Bartlett (1793- ) and      Ransom Bartlett (1796-1833, m. Susan Conrad 1825; 4 kids in Nellie). One other not shown in "Aaron of Brookfield" is,      Solomon Bartlett (1796-b1849), an alleged twin with Ransom. The evidence that Perkins Bartlett is in fact the son of Cpl. Aaron & Sarah Jennings is sketchy. He m. Clarisa E Palmer and had,      Clarissa P "Clara" Bartlett (1810-1856), m. Hiram Loomis;      Sarah A Bartlett (1815-1871), m. Japheth Cross;      Ransom Bartlett (1819-1847);      Lurancy Bartlett (1823-1920), m. Fnu King; and      Maria L Bartlett (1825-1907), m. Robert R Beecher. Likewise the evidence that Ira A Bartlett is the son of Cpl. Aaron & Sarah Jennings also weak. He m. Susan Patty Conrad and had,      Amanda Bartlett (c1807- );      Ransom O Bartlett (1833-1879);      Uriah Leland Bartlett (1835-1844);      Orin Bartlett (c1837- );      Ira Bartlett Jr (1839-1910);      Susan Bartlett (1841-1899);      Henry Clay Bartlett (1843-1923);      Ione Bartlett (1846- ); and      Frank Wood Bartlett (c1852-1930).10,11
Milit-Service*	Cpl. Aaron Bartlett served as a Corporal with Capt. Fowler's Co., Col. Smith's Reg't, during the American Revolutionary War from 1 January 1780 to 12 February 1780.      Hibner writes, "He was a soldier in the Revolution listed from Brookfield, also Palmer and Amherst". Nellie Bartlett writes, "Both Aaron and widow drew Revolutionary pension".      Here are three other entries for Aaron Bartletts from MA Soldiers & Sailors. It's currently unclear which if any of these entries are for this Aaron, though the first seems likely.      Aaron Bartlett of Palmer entry, p. 724, reads as follows: "Bartlett, Aaron, Palmer (also given Brookfield). Corporal, Capt. Peter Page's Co., Col. Smith's (late Wigglesworth's) regt; Continental Army- pay accounts for service from Jan. 5, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; also, Private, Capt. Israel Davis's Co., Col. Wigglesworth's regt; return of men in service Sept. 15, 1777; also, Capt. Joseph McNall's Co., Col. Edward Wigglesworth's regt; muster roll for May, 1778, dated Camp at Valley Forge; also. Corporal; muster roll for Oct., 1778; also, (late) Capt. M. Fairfield's Co., Col. Wigglesworth's regt; return of men in service on or before Aug. 15, 1777; also, Capt. Page's Co., Col. Wigglesworth's regt; muster roll for March and April, 1779, dated Providence; reported on command at Warwick Neck; also, Capt. Fowle's Co., Col. Smith's regt; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. 1, 1780, to Feb. 12, 1780".12,13,14,15,6,11
Census1790*	Aaron appeared on the 1790 Federal Census of Salem, Washington Co., New York, with a household listed as 1-3-4 as 16+ yo male Aaron Bartlett. His wife Joanna is probably one of the four females. The three males under 16 yo are probably their sons Benjamin, Aaron and Perkins. The other three females are likely their daughters Joanna, Sally and Nancy. Daughter Abigail would have been ca 19 yo and the most likely to have left the family home.      Hibner qualifies by writing, "Probably the one who is found at Salem, N.Y., in 1790.16,6
ResearchNote	Research Note of 26 February 2025 re censuses 1800 and later. I've worked these censuses and not found clarity. It seems likely Aaron and family were in Washington Co., New York, during these years but the ages and genders enumerated don't line up at all well with current understandings.
Estate-Will	Aaron was named an heir in the will of Joseph Bartlett Sr., his father, dated 19 August 1795 at Salem, Washington Co., New York, receiving five shillings.17,18
Residence	Aaron resided in Eaton, Madison Co., New York, in April 1832. Joanna calls Aaron was "late of the town of Eaton in said county deceased".10
Death*	Aaron died on 22 April 1832 in Eaton, Madison Co., New York, at age 79. His widow Joanna's affadavit says he died 22 Apr 1823. Find A Grave says 22 Apr 1832 citing the DAR Patriot Index (now DAR Ancestor Search at https://services.dar.org/Public/DAR_Research/). Stanley Bartlet's DAR app claims 22 Apr 1828 in Eaton, NY. His FamilySearch Trees entry (LR4M-MD8) claims 16 Oct 1827 but cites Find A Grave's 22 Apr 1832!. I lean toward the affadavit's 1823 being a transposition and the actual date being 22 Apr 1832.10,19,2,8
Burial*	He was buried at Cotter Cemetery in North Brookfield, Worcester Co., Massachusetts. Find A Grave provides headstone photo but no links to kin.2
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 22 February 2025 re unsubstantiated claims in Ancestry tree.      Ancestry's Ellis, Carrier, McCall, Malen family tree incorrectly shows this Aaron's parents as Moses Bartlett and Mary Bell. That Aaron (1753-1827) is TMG no. 11439. He married Anna Lathrop.      There are only two sources cited for his birth - Find A Grave and an SAR app by Stanley Frank Bartlett. Unfortunately the the Find A Grave memorial makes no mention of his parents and the SAR app stops at Aaron and Joanna with no mention of Aaron's parents.      There's no citation for his marriage to Joanna. His cited military record offers no information on his parents.      Bottom line this tree seems to have pulled the claim of Moses and Mary out of thin air. Moses and Mary did have a son named Aaron. Of that there's no doubt. It just wasn't this particular Aaron.

Children with Joanna Perkins:

Benjamin Bartlett20 b. b 1788 Abigail Bartlett20 b. b 1788 Aaron Bartlett21,22 b. 1779, d. 1873 Fnu Bartlett20 b. b 1788, d. b 1891 Sally Bartlett20 b. b 1788, d. b 10 Jul 1848 Joanna Bartlett20 b. 4 Oct 1785, d. 27 May 1866 Nancy Bartlett20 b. Mar 1788

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Sarah Bartlett¹

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

27 Feb 2025

Birth*	Sarah, daughter of Joseph Bartlett Sr. and Sarah Jennings, was born on 31 December 1756 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.1,2
Residence*	Sarah resided before 29 January 1777.3
Marriage*	She married Elijah Scot on 29 January 1777 in Montague, Franklin Co., Massachusetts. Sarah is mentioned as Sarah Scot in her father's will written between 1788-1804.3,4
Estate-Will	Sarah was named an heir in the will of Joseph Bartlett Sr., her father, dated 19 August 1795 at Salem, Washington Co., New York, receiving after the death of her mother, to be shared equally with sister Hannah, "all the household furniture and clothing". A second bequest, to be shared equally with her brother Joseph and sister Hannah, consisted of "all my property, stock, notes of hand, book accounts, deeds, bonds, and forfeitures of every nature."5,4
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 1 February 2025 re marriage claims. Amasa Ross is not the husband of our Sarah Bartlett though you will find copious claims of that online. The Sarah who married Ross was born 1759 per Find A Grave (125549977). Ancestry's Jennifer Strouse tree shows Elijah Bartlett and Bathsheba Gilbert as her parents, though the citation has nothing to do with this claim. The Will & Probate record for Elijah lists wife Bathsheba and daughter Sarah Ross, so that supports Find A Grave's claim from a different direction.

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Asa Bartlett¹

Father	Joseph Bartlett Sr.1 b. 24 Jan 1719/20, d. fr 19 Aug 1795 - 13 Oct 1795
Mother	Sarah Jennings1 b. c 1723, d. a 9 Dec 1761

Last Edited

8 Feb 2025

Birth*	Asa, son of Joseph Bartlett Sr. and Sarah Jennings, was born on 18 April 1759 in Brookfield, Worcester Co., Province of Massachusetts Bay, New England.2,3,4
Milit-Service*	Asa Bartlett served with Capt. John Benjamin's Company during the Revolutionary War circa 1 July 1781. This per Hibner citing report in the Vermont Revolutionary Rolls. Soldiers & Sailors has two entries for Asa Bartlet(t) but neither mentions this service. It's unclear if these are the same person or if possibly Hibner is confused..5,4
Death*	Asa died before 19 August 1795, being deceased in his father's will of this date.6

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

William Thomas Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair2,1 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick1 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

27 Apr 2024

Birth*	William, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born between 1836 and 1837 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Dallas claims 22 Nov 1835, her father's Find A Grave entry says 1836, Blair Line says 1837.3,4,5,1
Census1840	William is probably one of the three males under age 5 listed in the household of his father, Josiah Blair, in the 1840 Federal Census of Caswell Co., North Carolina.6
Census1850	William appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 13 yo William T Blair.4
Marriage*	He married Minerva Ann Hooper on 1 December 1858 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Bond date was 29 November. My preliminary research suggests their children were Lou Fannie (c1860- ), Mary Elizabeth (1861-1943, b. NC or VA, d. Greensboro, NC as single retired teacher), Nancy Thomas (1866-1948, b. NC, m. Wm Leland Sheffield), Sallie Bailey (1869-1936, b. NC or VA, m. James Wm Jennings 1890 Rockingham, NC), and Annabelle Blair (1875-1945, b. TX, d. Greensboro, NC as single retired teacher).7,8,9,10
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 7 November 2021 re birthstates of his children. It's interesting that the death certificates of daughters Nancy & Sallie both say they were born in VA rather than NC.10,9
Census1860*	William appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Newtonville P.O., Caswell Co., North Carolina, enumerated 28 June 1860, as 24 yo farmer Thos & 18 yo M A Blair. Their 0.5 yo daughter L F Blair was listed as living with them as well as 60 yo Anna & 62 yo M Penick (on the next census page.)11
Move	William and Minerva moved their residence from Caswell, NC to Titus, TX between 1869 and 1870, date range based on their 1 yo daughter Sallie having been born in NC as enumerated in the 1870 census.12
Census1870*	William and Minerva appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Mt. Pleasant PO, Titus Co., Texas, enumerated 23 August 1870, as 34 yo farmer William & 29 yo Manervia Blair. Their children 9 yo Mary, 3 yo Jane N, and 1 yo Sallie Blair were listed as living with them. All five born North Carolina.12
Death*	William died. Death date of 05 Sep 1876 alleged by Dallas & Blair without citation. The Stokes Family tree at Ancestry claims same date and adds location of Titus Co., TX, also without citation.5,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Minerva Ann Hooper^1,2,3

Last Edited

20 Sep 2022

Birth*	Minerva was born circa 1842, date estimated. Dallas calls her Hopper, not Hooper.3,4
Marriage*	She married William Thomas Blair, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, on 1 December 1858 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Bond date was 29 November. My preliminary research suggests their children were Lou Fannie (c1860- ), Mary Elizabeth (1861-1943, b. NC or VA, d. Greensboro, NC as single retired teacher), Nancy Thomas (1866-1948, b. NC, m. Wm Leland Sheffield), Sallie Bailey (1869-1936, b. NC or VA, m. James Wm Jennings 1890 Rockingham, NC), and Annabelle Blair (1875-1945, b. TX, d. Greensboro, NC as single retired teacher).5,6,1,2
Move	Minerva and William moved their residence from Caswell, NC to Titus, TX between 1869 and 1870, date range based on their 1 yo daughter Sallie having been born in NC as enumerated in the 1870 census.7
Census1870*	Minerva and William appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Mt. Pleasant PO, Titus Co., Texas, enumerated 23 August 1870, as 34 yo farmer William & 29 yo Manervia Blair. Their children 9 yo Mary, 3 yo Jane N, and 1 yo Sallie Blair were listed as living with them. All five born North Carolina.7

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

James Nathan Blair^1,2

Father	Josiah Blair3,4 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick2 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

15 Oct 2022

Birth*	James, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born on 25 October 1837 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Dallas claims 25 Oct 1839.5,6,2,1
Census1840	James is probably one of the three males under age 5 listed in the household of his father, Josiah Blair, in the 1840 Federal Census of Caswell Co., North Carolina.7
Census1850	James appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 11 yo James A Blair.6
Census1860	James appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Newtonville P.O., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 23 yo male Jas Blair.8
Census1870	James appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Dan River Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 31 yo male school teacher James Blair.9
Census1880*	James appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Dan River Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina, as 40 yo school teacher Jimmie Bliar in the household of 64 yo farmer John & 45 yo wife Annie O'Brien (?, indexed John O Bruien).10
Occupation*	James was 'a well-known educator here [Marion, NC] and in Danville and Pittsylvania County before 21 November 1894.11
Death*	James died on 21 November 1894 in Ruffin, Rockingham Co., North Carolina, at age 57.11,5,1
Burial*	He was buried at Greenview Cemetery in Reidsville, Rockingham Co., North Carolina, in Block 4. Headstone photo available at Find A Grave.5

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Ann Morning Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair2,3 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick2 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

6 Nov 2021

Birth*	Ann, daughter of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born between 1832 and 1833 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Dallas says 22 Oct 1833, Blair Line says 1832, her father's Find A Grave entry says 1833.4,5,6,1
Census1840	Ann is probably one of the two females age 5 to 9 listed in the household of her father, Josiah Blair, in the 1840 Federal Census of Caswell Co., North Carolina.7
Census1850	Ann appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 17 yo Ann M Blair.5
Census1860	Ann appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Newtonville P.O., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 27 yo female A M Blair.8
Census1870	Ann appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Dan River Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 36 yo female Ann Blair.9
Marriage*	She married John M. O'Brien on 29 November 1871 in Caswell Co., North Carolina.10,11,1
Death*	Ann died on 3 March 1888.6,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

John M. O'Brien¹

Last Edited

6 Nov 2021

Birth*	John was born circa 1827, date estimated.1
Marriage*	He married Ann Morning Blair, daughter of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, on 29 November 1871 in Caswell Co., North Carolina.2,3,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

John Suter Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair2,1 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick1 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

21 Sep 2022

Birth*	John, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born between 1844 and 1845 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Arnn-Knight & Dallas both say 08 Nov 1845, Blair Line says 1845, her father's Find A Grave entry says 1843, the 1850 census puts him between Mary and Eleanor.      His middle name also spelled Suitor.3,4,5,6,1
Census1850	John appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 7 yo Johns S Blair.3
Census1860	John appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Newtonville P.O., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of his mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 15 yo male J S Blair.7
Marriage*	He married Mary Ann "Mollie" Wilson circa 1875, date based on 5 yo eldest child in the 1880 census. Mary shows 5 born and 5 living in the 1910 census when she's living in son William's home in Fort Worth. This is interesting since census and records suggest 8 children born.      My preliminary research suggests their five 'for sure' children were Ella (1877-1949, b. TX, in 1880 census, m. Richard Valentine Murray), William Littleton (1881-1961, m. Golda E Spears 1904, shows in 1900 and 1910, in Fort Worth 1920 as HOH with wife Goldie, brother James S and mother Mary Wilson Blair), H Laura (1884-1908, in the 1900 census, m. David Tobe Yarbrough 1901 Hunt, TX), Ora (1886-1964, b. Lone Oak, TX, missing in the 1900 census, m. Jesse Ernest Anderton 1907, in Dallas Co., TX in 1910-1940 censuses, d. Dallas, TX; ties to both parent through her death certificate), and James Suiter Blair (1895-1980, m. Grace O Cannon, in Fort Worth 1920 census as HOH with wife Grace and mother).      My preliminary research suggests their three 'not so sure' children were Estar (c1875- , a male in the 1880 census though Estar is typically a girl's name; no further record), Edgar V (c1880- , no further records found), and T Docie Blair (c1889- , no further records found).8,9,1
Census1880*	John and Mary appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Pct. 4, Hunt Co., Texas, enumerated 22 June 1880, as 38 yo house carpenter J S & 24 yo wife Mary A Blair in the same dwellng as J W & Maggie A Ewing. Their children 5 yo son Estar, 2 yo Ella, and 0.4 yo Edgar V Blair were listed as living with them. JS born NC, Mary born TX with both of her parents born in Alabama (which agrees with her Find A Grave memorial), all three kids born Texas.10
Death*	John died in 1895. Arnn-Knight & Dallas say 09 Apr 1895, Blair says 1895. All that's certain is that he was in the 1880 census and that his wife Mary Ann was a widow by 1900.5,6,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Mary Ann "Mollie" Wilson^1,2

Last Edited

15 Oct 2022

Birth*	Mary was born on 23 October 1855 in Upshur Co., Texas, d/o William Edward Wilson & Sarah A Wright; sister of Anderson, Elizabeth, William Robert, and Frances Cornelia Wilson, all of whom have Find A Grave memorials.3,2
Marriage*	She married John Suter Blair, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, circa 1875, date based on 5 yo eldest child in the 1880 census. Mary shows 5 born and 5 living in the 1910 census when she's living in son William's home in Fort Worth. This is interesting since census and records suggest 8 children born.      My preliminary research suggests their five 'for sure' children were Ella (1877-1949, b. TX, in 1880 census, m. Richard Valentine Murray), William Littleton (1881-1961, m. Golda E Spears 1904, shows in 1900 and 1910, in Fort Worth 1920 as HOH with wife Goldie, brother James S and mother Mary Wilson Blair), H Laura (1884-1908, in the 1900 census, m. David Tobe Yarbrough 1901 Hunt, TX), Ora (1886-1964, b. Lone Oak, TX, missing in the 1900 census, m. Jesse Ernest Anderton 1907, in Dallas Co., TX in 1910-1940 censuses, d. Dallas, TX; ties to both parent through her death certificate), and James Suiter Blair (1895-1980, m. Grace O Cannon, in Fort Worth 1920 census as HOH with wife Grace and mother).      My preliminary research suggests their three 'not so sure' children were Estar (c1875- , a male in the 1880 census though Estar is typically a girl's name; no further record), Edgar V (c1880- , no further records found), and T Docie Blair (c1889- , no further records found).4,1,2
Census1880*	Mary and John appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Pct. 4, Hunt Co., Texas, enumerated 22 June 1880, as 38 yo house carpenter J S & 24 yo wife Mary A Blair in the same dwellng as J W & Maggie A Ewing. Their children 5 yo son Estar, 2 yo Ella, and 0.4 yo Edgar V Blair were listed as living with them. JS born NC, Mary born TX with both of her parents born in Alabama (which agrees with her Find A Grave memorial), all three kids born Texas.5
Census1900*	Mary appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Lone Oak Twp., Hunt Co., Texas, at Justice Pct. 8, enumerated 4 March 1900, as 43 yo widow A Mollie Blair. Her children 22 yo daughter B. Ella, 18 yo son M. William, 16 yo daughter H. Laura, 11 yo daughter T. Dosie, and 5 yo son S. James Blair were listed as living with her.6
Census1910	Mary appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Fort Worth, Tarrant Co., Texas, as 55 yo widowed mother Mary A Blair in the household of her son and daughter-in-law 30 yo William L & 26 yo Goldie Blair. William's brother 15 yo James S Blair was living with them as well as 5 yo nephew Brack Yarborough, likely a son of his deceased sister Laura Blair Yarbrough.7
Death*	Mary died on 14 May 1927 in Dallas, Dallas Co., Texas, at age 71.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Eleanor Isabelle "Ellie" Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair2,3,4,5 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick2,4 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

27 Apr 2024

ResearchNote*	Research Note of 6 November 2021 re estate records. I believe Eleanor I Blair is the surviving child listed in at least two locations in her father's estate packet as Edward J Blair. Eleanor is missing in those listings of children though she was clearly alive at the time. All of her living siblings were mentioned. It would be an easy transcription error to make.3
Birth*	Eleanor, daughter of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born between 1846 and 1847 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. Dallas claims 04 Apr 1846, her headstone says only 1847.6,7,3,8,9
Census1850	Eleanor appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 4 yo Eleanor J Blair.7
Census1860	Eleanor appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Newtonville P.O., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 13 yo female Isabella Blair.10
Census1870	Eleanor appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Dan River Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her mother, Frances Bailey Penick, as 22 yo female Isabella Blair.11
Marriage*	She married James Major Spencer on 29 November 1871 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. My preliminary research suggests their children were S B (c1873- ), A B (c1876- ), and Frances Blair "Fannie" Spencer (1892-1972, b. Caswell Co, m. Fnu Charles, d. Greensboro, NC; lived w/ aunt & uncle Mary Catherine Blair & William L Gardner in the 1900-1920 censuses). No further record of S B or A B Spencer found.12,13,14,6
Census1880*	Eleanor and James appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Pelham Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina, enumerated 17 June 1880, as 38 yo J M & 28 yo E Isabella Spencer. Their 7 yo son S. B. and 4 yo daughter A. B. Spencer were listed as living with them, as well as a servant.15
Death*	Eleanor died on 17 March 1893. Specific date per Dallas without citation.6,8,9
Burial*	She was buried at Pelham United Methodist Church Cemetery in Pelham, Caswell Co., North Carolina. Headstone photo available at Find A Grave.6

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

James Major Spencer¹

Last Edited

10 Nov 2021

Birth*	James was born circa 1842 in Virginia, date based on age 38 yo in the 1880 census.2
Marriage*	He married Eleanor Isabelle "Ellie" Blair, daughter of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, on 29 November 1871 in Caswell Co., North Carolina. My preliminary research suggests their children were S B (c1873- ), A B (c1876- ), and Frances Blair "Fannie" Spencer (1892-1972, b. Caswell Co, m. Fnu Charles, d. Greensboro, NC; lived w/ aunt & uncle Mary Catherine Blair & William L Gardner in the 1900-1920 censuses). No further record of S B or A B Spencer found.3,4,5,6
Census1880*	James and Eleanor appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Pelham Twp., Caswell Co., North Carolina, enumerated 17 June 1880, as 38 yo J M & 28 yo E Isabella Spencer. Their 7 yo son S. B. and 4 yo daughter A. B. Spencer were listed as living with them, as well as a servant.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Sarah Elizabeth Blair^1,2

Father	Josiah Blair3,2 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick2 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

6 Nov 2021

Birth*	Sarah, daughter of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born on 22 June 1834 in Caswell Co., North Carolina.4,1,5
Census1840	Sarah is probably one of the two females age 5 to 9 listed in the household of her father, Josiah Blair, in the 1840 Federal Census of Caswell Co., North Carolina.6
Census1850	Sarah appeared on the 1850 Federal Census Caswell Co., North Carolina in the household of her parents, Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, as 16 yo Sarah E Blair.4
Death*	Sarah died on 3 March 1859 at age 24.1,2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Josiah R. Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair1 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick1 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

1 Nov 2021

Birth*	Josiah, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born on 2 August 1848. Specific date per Dallas without citation.2,1
Death*	Josiah died on 26 July 1849. Specific date per Dallas without citation.2,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

George W. Blair¹

Father	Josiah Blair1 b. c 1809, d. 17 May 1851
Mother	Frances Bailey Penick1 b. 24 Aug 1806, d. 6 Dec 1889

Last Edited

1 Nov 2021

Birth*	George, son of Josiah Blair and Frances Bailey Penick, was born on 22 February 1840. Specific date per Dallas without citation.2,1
Census1840	George is probably one of the three males under age 5 listed in the household of his father, Josiah Blair, in the 1840 Federal Census of Caswell Co., North Carolina.3
Death*	George died on 27 May 1848 at age 8. Specific date per Dallas without citation.2,1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.