Person Page - 319

Permelia Ann Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

9 Mar 2020

Birth*	Permelia, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa July 1850 in Indiana.1
Census1850	Permelia appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Shelby Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 0.2 yo Pamelia An Downey.1
Census1860	Permelia appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 10 yo Permelia A Downey.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Maletus Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

21 Sep 2022

Birth*	Maletus, son of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1853 in Indiana.1
Census1860	Maletus appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 7 yo Maletas (?) Downey.1
Census1870	Maletus appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 17 yo Melitus Downey.2
Marriage*	He married Martha E. Little circa 1875, date based on birthyear of eldest child listed in the 1880 census. In the 1900 census, after Maletus' death, Martha shows 6 born with 6 living. I believe those six children to have been Nora, Everett, Dallas, Jennie, Archie and Gerrold Downey.3
Census1880*	Maletus and Martha appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 15 June 1880, as 27 yo Miletez & 22 yo Martha E Douney. Their children 5 yo Nora and 2 yo Everet Douney were listed as living with them. Miletus' parents and three siblings live next door above. Next door below we find 58 yo Archie & 55 yo Matilda Little, possibly Martha's parents.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Seluta Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

12 Mar 2020

Birth*	Seluta, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1855 in Indiana. Her name may be Selesta or Celesta.1
Census1860	Seluta appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 5 yo Seluta Downey.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Lucinia A. Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

9 Mar 2020

Birth*	Lucinia, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1859 in Indiana.1
Census1860	Lucinia appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 1 yo Lucinia A Downey.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Matilda Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

9 Mar 2020

Birth*	Matilda, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1861 in Indiana.1
Census1870	Matilda appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 9 yo Matilda Downey.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Olive Downey¹

Father	James M. Downey1 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps1 b. c 1823

Last Edited

9 Mar 2020

Birth*	Olive, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1864 in Indiana.1
Census1870	Olive appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 6 yo Olive Downey.1
Census1880	Olive appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her mother, Eliza Phelps, as 16 yo daughter Olive Downey.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Sally Downey^1,2

Father	James M. Downey2 b. bt 1809 - 1810, d. b 5 Jun 1880
Mother	Eliza Phelps2 b. c 1823

Last Edited

9 Mar 2020

Birth*	Sally, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, was born circa 1868 in Indiana.2
Census1870	Sally appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, as 2 yo Alley Downey.2
Census1880	Sally appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana in the household of her mother, Eliza Phelps, as 12 yo daughter Sallie Downey.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Flavius Joseph Whitham^1,2

Last Edited

24 Apr 2024

Birth*	Flavius was born on 16 August 1824.2
Marriage*	He married Mahala Downey, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, on 25 October 1855 in Ripley Co., Indiana. License date was 23 October. I've not found a corresponding marriage record in the FamilySearch databases.      FJ's first wife's name was Melvina Elsbury according to Topoly. FamilySearch sspells her surname Ellsberry. FS shows 15 children by that marriage but only the first 5 have birthyears of 1855 or earlier suggesting the last 10-11 were Mahala's children. By his marriage to MelvinaTopoly shows children Rosanna, Artemus H, Mary F, Lydia Ann, Evangeline, Juda Fanetta and James F Whitham.      By his m2 to Mahala Topoly shows children Flora Ann, Clarissa, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses Grant, Josephus C, Morton Oliver and Hannah Whitham. Based on a marriage year of 1855, I figure Juda Fanetta and James F are Mahala's children and that Lydia Ann might be Mahala's but more likely Melvina's. I've been unable to find a marriage record for FJ & Melvina, nor a burial record for Melvina.1,3
Census1860*	Flavius and Mahala appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Brown Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 17 July 1860, as 36 yo F. J. and 23 yo Mahala Whitham. The following children were listed as living with them: namely, 11 yo Artie, 9 yo Mary, 7 yo Angeline, 5 yo Lydia Ann, 4 yo Juda, 2 yo James F, and 0.2 yo Flora A. As mentioned in the marriage tag I think Artie, Mary, Angeline and probably Lydia Ann were by FJ's m1.4
Census1870	Flavius and Mahala appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Brown Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 3 August 1870, as 45 yo Flavis and 35 yo Mahala Whitham. The following children were listed as living with them: namely, 19 yo Mary F, 177 yo Evangeline, 15 yo Lydia A, 13 yo Fanetta J, 11 yo James F, 7 yo Clarissa I (or J), 5 yo Abraham L, 3 yo Ulises G and 2 yo Josephus C Whitham. One other person in the home was 68 yo Elizabeth Whitham, likely his mother.5
Census1880	Flavius and Mahala appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Brown Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 16 June 1880, as 55 yo Flavius J and 45 yo Mahala Whitham. The following children were listed as living with them: namely, 25 yo Lydia A, 21 yo James F, 13 yo Grant, 12 yo Josephus C, 10 yo Morton and 4 yo Hannah Whitham. Their son A. T. and family live next door below.6
Death*	Flavius died on 28 December 1886 at age 62.2
Burial*	He was buried at Cassoday Cemetery in Cassoday, Butler Co., Kansas. Headstone photo is available at Find A Grave. Cemetery aka Sycamore Springs.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Orval C. Salyers^1,2

Last Edited

24 Apr 2024

Birth*	Orval was born in April 1838 in Indiana.3,2
Marr-License*	Orval C. Salyers and Elizabeth Downey obtained a marriage license on 9 October 1860 at Ripley Co., Indiana. FamilySearch claims marriage date of 14 October but provides no source citation. The 1900 census shows them married 40 years with 5 born and 5 living.      My research suggests their children were William Alfred Salyers (1863-1937), Martha Isabel Salyers (1868-1942, m. Wm S Anness), Dora N Salyers (1871-1940), Ann May Salyers (1878- ), and Roy Albert Salyers (1885-1954).1,3
Census1870*	Orval and Elizabeth appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 28 July 1870, as 32 yo Orval & 28 yo Elizabeth Salyers. Their children 6 yo William A and 1 yo Martha J Salyers were listed as living with them.4
Census1880	Orval and Elizabeth appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 12 June 1880, as 42 yo Orval C & 38 yo Elizabeth Salyers. Their children 16 yo William, 11 yo Martha B, 8 yo Dora N and 2 yo Ann M(?, indexed as U) Salyers were listed as living with them.5
Census1900	Orval and Elizabeth appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 9 June 1900, as 62 yo Orval & 58 yo Elizabeth Saylers. Their children 21 yo Annie and 15 yo Roy Saylers were listed as living with them.3
Family*	Orval and Elizabeth's family , based primarily on census research, consisted of five children: William Alfred, Martha Isabel, Dora N, Ann May and Roy Albert Salyers.4,5,3
Census1910*	Orval appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 19 April 1910, as 71 yo widower Orvil Saylers.6
Death*	Orval died in 1925.2
Burial*	He was buried at Holton Cemetery in Holton, Ripley Co., Indiana. Joint headstone photo is available at Find A Grave.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Emmarine Eads¹

Last Edited

10 Apr 2023

Birth*	Emmarine was born on 10 March 1847 in Indiana, d/o James & Margaret Joyce Eads.2,3
Marriage*	She married Smith Downey, son of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, circa 1868, date based on 2 yo daughter Laura in the 1870 census. Find A Grave shows an m2 for Emmarine of Oscar Downey (1845-1898) but Oscar's headstone reads 'Smith Downey'. My preliminary research suggests their children were Laura A (1868- ), Andrew J (1870- ), James W (1876- , m1 Estella, m2 Hannah Rayner Heidman), Carl, J Vincent, Wanda E, James Emerson Downey), and Iva E (1881- ) Downey. These names based on the census record.2,1
Census1870*	Emmarine and Smith appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 27 July 1870, as 24 yo Smith & 23 yo Emaline Downey. Their children 2 yo Lara and 0.8 yo Andrew J Downey were listed as living with them. Smith's parents and four siblings live next door above.4
Census1880	Emmarine and Smith appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 18 June 1880, as 34 yo Smith & 34 yo Emmarine Douney. Their children 12 yo Laura A, 10 yo Andrew J and 3 yo James W Douney were listed as living with them. Smith's brother Miletez (as enumerated) and family live next door below.5
Census1900*	Emmarine appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 18 June 1900, as 53 yo Emmarine (indexed Emma) Downey. Her children 18 yo Iva E and 23 yo James were listed as living with her.6
Census1910	Emmarine appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Anderson Twp., Madison Co., Indiana, as 63 yo widowed mother Emma Downey in the household of James W. Downey and Estella Lnu; as 38 yo James & 35 yo Estella Downey.7
Death*	Emmarine died on 12 June 1934 in Anderson, Madison Co., Indiana, at age 87, of senile gangrene of left foot.8,3
Burial*	She was buried at Holton Cemetery in Holton, Ripley Co., Indiana. Headstone photo is available at Find A Grave.3

Child with Smith Downey:

James W. Downey5 b. 1876

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

James W. Downey¹

Father	Smith Downey1 b. 1845, d. 1898
Mother	Emmarine Eads1 b. 10 Mar 1847, d. 12 Jun 1934

Last Edited

10 Apr 2023

Birth*	James, son of Smith Downey and Emmarine Eads, was born in 1876 in Indiana.1,2
Marriage*	He married Estella Lnu circa 1904.3
Census1910*	James and Estella appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Anderson Twp., Madison Co., Indiana, enumerated 22 April 1910, as 38 yo James & 35 yo Estella Downey, Their children 14 yo Marie, 6 yo Agnes and 4 yo Carl were listed as living with them. Marie is presumably from Estella's m1. Her surname is listed as Collier but that name is striked out. James' mother 63 yo widow Emma Downey is also living with them.4
Census1920	James and Estella appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Anderson, Madison Co., Indiana, enumerated 22 January 1920, as 43 yo James W & 45 yo Esletla Downey, Their children 15 yo Agnes, 14 yo Carl, 7 yo Vinson, 4 yo Wanda and 2 yo Emerson Downey were listed as living with them. James' mother 69 yo widow Emerna Downey is also living with them.5
Census1930*	James appeared on the 1930 Federal Census of Anderson, Madison Co., Indiana, enumerated 4 April 1930, as 52 yo widower James W Downey, His children 17 yo J Vincent, 15 yo Wanda E and 12 yo James E Downey were listed as living with him. James' 80 yo widowed mother Emerine Downey is also living with him.6

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Estella Lnu¹

Last Edited

10 Apr 2023

Birth*	Estella was born circa 1875 in Indiana.1
Marriage*	She married James W. Downey, son of Smith Downey and Emmarine Eads, circa 1904.1
Census1910*	Estella and James appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Anderson Twp., Madison Co., Indiana, enumerated 22 April 1910, as 38 yo James & 35 yo Estella Downey, Their children 14 yo Marie, 6 yo Agnes and 4 yo Carl were listed as living with them. Marie is presumably from Estella's m1. Her surname is listed as Collier but that name is striked out. James' mother 63 yo widow Emma Downey is also living with them.2
Census1920	Estella and James appeared on the 1920 Federal Census of Anderson, Madison Co., Indiana, enumerated 22 January 1920, as 43 yo James W & 45 yo Esletla Downey, Their children 15 yo Agnes, 14 yo Carl, 7 yo Vinson, 4 yo Wanda and 2 yo Emerson Downey were listed as living with them. James' mother 69 yo widow Emerna Downey is also living with them.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Joseph Wooley¹

Last Edited

23 Sep 2022

Birth*	Joseph was born on 19 November 1841 in Versailles, Ripley Co., Indiana.2
Marriage*	He married Lucinda J. Downey, daughter of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, on 14 December 1865. Marriage date per FamilySearch is 04 Dec 1865 without citation. Find A Grave lists their children as Luza Elzora, Almira M, Nellie E and Cloe Ann Wooley. FamilySearch adds Laura A Wooley, Marvin Ard Wooley, Bert Norman and Lewis Becker. It's unclear if Bert & Lewis were adopted. The censuses support the following: namely, Laura A, Luza E, Marvin A, Elmira M, Nellie E and Anna Chloe Wooley.2,3
Census1870*	Joseph and Lucinda appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Washington Twp., Decatur Co., Indiana, enumerated 14 July 1870, as 28 yo Joseph & 22 yo Lucinda Wooley, Their 3 yo daughter Lena A Wooley was listed as living with them.4
Census1880	Joseph and Lucinda appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Shelby Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 2 June 1880, as 39 yo Joseph & 30 yo Lucinda J Wooley, Their children 14 yo Lura A, 10 yo Lunza E, 7 yo Marvin O, 5 yo Myra and 0.5 yo Elizabeth Wooley were listed as living with them.5
Census1900	Joseph and Lucinda appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Haw Creek, Bartholomew Co., Indiana, enumerated circa 1 June 1900, as 57 yo Joseph & 52 yo Lusina J Wooley, Their daughter 11 yo Anna C Wooley was listed as living with them.6
Death*	Joseph died on 26 January 1907 in Hope, Bartholomew Co., Indiana, at age 65.2
Burial*	He was buried at Moravian Cemetery in Hope, Bartholomew Co., Kansas.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Martha E. Little¹

Last Edited

21 Sep 2022

Birth*	Martha was born in March 1860 in Indiana.2
Marriage*	She married Maletus Downey, son of James M. Downey and Eliza Phelps, circa 1875, date based on birthyear of eldest child listed in the 1880 census. In the 1900 census, after Maletus' death, Martha shows 6 born with 6 living. I believe those six children to have been Nora, Everett, Dallas, Jennie, Archie and Gerrold Downey.1
Census1880*	Martha and Maletus appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 15 June 1880, as 27 yo Miletez & 22 yo Martha E Douney. Their children 5 yo Nora and 2 yo Everet Douney were listed as living with them. Miletus' parents and three siblings live next door above. Next door below we find 58 yo Archie & 55 yo Matilda Little, possibly Martha's parents.1
Census1900*	Martha appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 3 June 1900, as 40 yo widow Martha Downey, Her children 21 yo Everett, 17 yo Dallas, 14 yo Archie, 8 yo Gerrold and 16 yo Jennie Downey were listed as living with her.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Sarah Ann Davis¹

Last Edited

24 Apr 2024

Birth*	Sarah was born on 7 April 1832 in Bullitt Co., Kentucky, d/o William Davis.2
Marriage*	She married John Downey, son of Richard B. Downey and Phebe Mulford, circa May 1880. John's m1 Sarah Gibson died 4 Mar 1880. His wife's name is again Sarah in the 1880 census of 01 June. Conclusion he marriaed Sarah Ann Davis Young sometime between 4 March and 1 June 1880. Find A Grave reports only 1880. Sarah had previously m1 Abraham D. Allen (1813- 1867) April 24, 1851 in Vigo County, IN. She m2 James Davidson Young (1815-1877) January 6, 1871 in Vigo County, IN. John Downey was her m3.1
Census1880	Sarah and John appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Big Spring Twp., Shelby Co., Illinois, enumerated 1 June 1880, as 67 yo John & 66 yo Sarah Downey. Their daughter Rachel was listed as living with them, as well as Rachel's husband George and two daughters, Luella and Angeline. Son Richard and his family live next door above. Sarah's age is off by about 20 years.3
Census1900*	Sarah appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Neoga Village, Cumberland Co., Illinois, enumerated 8 June 1900, as 68 yo widow Sarah Downey. Ulysses G Young, her 27 yo son from her m2, was living with her as well as one servant.4
Death*	Sarah died on 7 March 1903 in Neoga, Cumberland Co., Illinois, at age 70.2
Burial*	She was buried at Kingman-Cline Long Point Cemetery in Neoga, Cumberland Co., Illinois. Joint headstone photo with her m2 James Young is available at Find A Grave.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Eli Murdock¹

Last Edited

8 Oct 2022

Birth*	Eli was born circa 1830 in Illinois. Eli is indexed as 50 yo in the 1860 census but it's pretty clearly 30 IMO.1
Marriage*	He married Lovina Downey, daughter of John Downey and Sarah Gibson, circa 1853, date based on birthyear of eldest child in the 1860 census. Their children, based on census records, were Nancy Jane (m. Fnu Watts and had dau Emily), Sarah A, John D and Rebecca Jane Murdock. One other, Simon D Murdock (1863-1865) is alleged by FSTrees.2,3
Census1860*	Eli and Lovina appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Otter Creek Twp., Ripley Co., Indiana, enumerated 27 July 1860, as 30 yo Eli & 24 yo Lavina Murdock. Their children 7 yo Nancy J, 5 yo Sarah A and 1 yo John D Murdock were listed as living with them. One door above is 27 yo John Murdock family, possibly Eli's brother. Two doors above is 55 yo Eli Murdock and wife Jane, possibly Eli's parents.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Thomas Hancock¹

Last Edited

3 Apr 2023

Birth*	Thomas was born circa 1812 in Virginia. His middle name Lawson according to FSTrees, without citation.1
Marriage*	He married Lovina Downey, daughter of John Downey and Sarah Gibson, circa 1875, date based on birthyear of eldest child listed in the 1880 census. Their children, based on census records, were Mahlon and Richard Hancock.2,3
Census1880*	Thomas and Lovina appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Big Spring Twp., Shelby Co., Illinois, enumerated 4 June 1880, as 68 yo Thos & 43 yo Lovinia Hancock. Their children 5 yo Malon, 0.11 yo Richard were listed as living with them. Also in the home were 19 yo Rebecca Murdock (Lovina's dau from her m1) and 12 yo granddaughter Emma Watts (dau of Nancy Jane Murdock Watts, presumably deceased.)1
Death*	Thomas died before 6 June 1900, his wife Lavinia being listed as widowed in the 1900 census of this date.4

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Benjamin Dennis¹

Last Edited

29 Apr 2024

Birth*	Benjamin was born on 3 January 1809 in Dearborn Co., Indiana. Daughter Harriet's death certificate says he was born in Pennsylvania.2,3
Marriage*	His first marriage was to Anna Downey, daughter of Richard B. Downey and Phebe Mulford, on 29 September 1831 at Dearborn Co., Indiana. Benjamin & Anna may have had one other son Albert (1851-1855).1,2
Census1840*	Benjamin appeared on the 1840 Federal Census of Dearborn Co., Indiana, with a household listed as 110001-11001 as 30-39 yo Benj Dennis. The enumeration is a perfect fit for Benjamin, Anna and their first four children Rosetta, Shadrach, Franklin and Malinda. Other familiar names on the same census page include John Downey Jr (11001-10001) and James Downey (10001-1101.)4
Census1850*	Benjamin and Anna appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 4 October 1850, as 41 yo farmer Benjamin & 36 yo Hannah Dennis. Their children Rosetta, Shadrach H., Franklin, Malinda, Harriet and Nancy were listed as living with them. Son Ethan Allen Dennis had died in June.5
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 1 July 2022 re FSTrees. Entries for Benjamin Dennis, 1809-1875, ID no. LDTS-MXN and Anna Downey 1813-1866, ID no. LVRJ-7X3 claim Albert is son of Benjamin and Anna but I've found no primary evidence in support.      There are seven with the Dennis surname buried in Downey Cemetery. They are Albert, his parents Benjamin & Anna, and his brothers Ethan and Hiram. The other two are unknowns Benjamin (unk-1866) and Mary (1823-1884). It's possible that Albert is their son.6
Census1860	Benjamin and Anna appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 12 June 1860, as 51 yo Benjamin & 45 yo Anna Dennis. Their children Nancy, Roxana and Hiram were listed as living with them, as well as 12 yo Mary Dennis, relationship unknown. Mary is not in the 1850 enumeration suggesting perhaps she's a niece. Ben's birthstate is listed as New York.7
Marriage*	His second marriage was to Mary Lnu between 1866 and 1870. I've not found a marriage record but Mary's surname is Dennis in the 1870. Ben's m1 Anna died in 1866.8,9
Census1870*	Benjamin and Mary appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 14 July 1870, as 61 yo farmer Benjamin and 47 yo housekeeper Mary Dennis. Their son Hiram was listed as living with them.9
Estate-Will*	Benjamin Dennis left a will dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, naming his wife Mary executor. Named heirs included his children Hiram, Rosetta, Shadrach, Franklin, Harriet, Nancy and Roxana. Unnamed heirs were the children of his daughter Malinda Dennis, deceased.      Note alleged children Ethan and Albert are not mentioned in Benjamin's will.10
Death*	Benjamin died on 29 September 1875 in Ohio Co., Indiana, at age 66.2
Burial*	He was buried at Downey Cemetery, Ohio Co., Indiana. No headstone photo at Find A Grave.2

Children with Anna Downey:

Rosetta Dennis11 b. 1833, d. a 11 Aug 1870 Shadrach H. Dennis11 b. 17 Aug 1834, d. 13 Aug 1883 Franklin Dennis11,4 b. c 1836, d. a 11 Aug 1870 Malinda Dennis11 b. 1838, d. b 11 Aug 1870 Harriet Dennis3,11 b. 22 Sep 1841, d. 6 Jun 1902 Nancy Dennis11 b. 1843 Ethan Allen Dennis12 b. c 30 Jun 1849, d. 15 Jun 1850 Roxana Dennis11,7 b. 1853, d. 1897 Hiram Dennis13 b. 1856, d. 27 May 1883

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Rosetta Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis2 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey3 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

13 Mar 2024

Birth*	Rosetta, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born in 1833 in Indiana.4
Census1840	Rosetta is probably the female age 5 to 9 listed in the household of her father, Benjamin Dennis, in the 1840 Federal Census of Dearborn Co., Indiana.5
Census1850	Rosetta appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 17 yo Rosetta Dennis.4
Marriage*	She married Thomas Robbins on 28 July 1858 in Ohio Co., Indiana. License date was 27 July. As far as I can tell their only child was Nancy Jane Robbins (c1854- ).6
Census1860*	Rosetta and Thomas appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cotton Twp., Switzerland Co., Indiana, enumerated 20 August 1860, as 29 yo farmer Thomas & 27 yo Rosetta Robbins. Their daughter 6 yo Nancy J Robbins was listed as living with them as well as 29 yo Wm Johnson, relationship unknown.7
Census1870	Rosetta and Thomas appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Jefferson Twp., Switzerland Co., Indiana, enumerated 7 July 1870, as 39 yo farmer Thomas & 36 yo Rosetta Robbins. Their 15 yo daughter Nancy Jane Robbins was listed as living with them.8
Estate-Will	Rosetta was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, receiving a portion of 40 acres after her mother's decease or remarriage.9
Death*	Rosetta died after 11 August 1870, having been mentioned in her father's will of this date.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Shadrach H. Dennis^1,2

Father	Benjamin Dennis3 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey4 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

14 Oct 2022

Birth*	Shadrach, son of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born on 17 August 1834 in Dearborn (now Ohio) Co., Indiana.5,6
Census1840	Shadrach is probably the male age 5 to 9 listed in the household of his father, Benjamin Dennis, in the 1840 Federal Census of Dearborn Co., Indiana.7
Census1850	Shadrach appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 15 yo Shidrick Dennis.6
Marriage*	His first marriage was to Lucy Ann Sutton on 31 October 1855. License date was 25 October. Their children appear to have been Milton Edgar, Sorrie (Sarah?) Belle and Robert Bruce Dennis.8
Census1860*	Shadrach and Lucy appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 13 June 1860, as 25 yo farmer Shadrick & 22 yo Lucisan Dennis. Their children 2 yo Lorribell and 0.2 yo Robert Dennis were listed as living with them.1
Marriage*	His second marriage was to Caroline E. Powell on 7 June 1864 at Ohio Co., Indiana. License date was 01 June. They had no children together as best I can tell.9
Marriage*	His third marriage was to Martha A. Taylor in 1867. Their children, based on FSTrees and the census records, were Flora V, M Alice, Perry W and Nettie Alvira Dennis. However the 1900 census shows 5 born with 5 living. It's possible a child was born after the 1880 census and had moved out of the house before the 1900 census.10,2
Estate-Will	Shadrach was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, his father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, receiving a portion of 40 acres after his mother's decease or remarriage.11
Census1880*	Shadrach appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of West Cherry, Montgomery Co., Kansas, enumerated 4 June 1880, as 45 yo farmer S. H. & 28 yo wife Martha A Dennis. Their children 10 yo Flora V, 7 yo dau M A, 5 yo Perry W and 1 yo Nettie Dennis were listed as living with them.2
Death*	Shadrach died on 13 August 1883 in Hiwasse, Benton Co., Arkansas, at age 48.5
Burial*	He was buried. Find A Grave writes, 'burial details unknown, possibly Buxton Cemetery in Hiwasse'.5

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Malinda Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis1 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey2 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

29 Apr 2024

Birth*	Malinda, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born in 1838 in Indiana.3
Census1840	Malinda is probably the female under age 5 listed in the household of her father, Benjamin Dennis, in the 1840 Federal Census of Dearborn Co., Indiana.4
Census1850	Malinda appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 12 yo Malinda Dennis.3
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 17 March 2020 re possible marriage. A case can be made for Malinda having married Daniel Henry Robbins and that they had four children: namely, Tilford Oscar, Charles Edwin, Drusilla May and Franklin Harris Robbins. There's a Daniel Henry Robbins w/ Find A Grave memorial no. 81180193. There's a marriage record in Indiana Marriages, 1811-2007, dated 12 Apr 1860 in Ohio Co, IN. If FSTrees is correct that Malinda died in 1870 it's possible that Daniel moved back to New York, his purported birthstate, married Emmeline Louisa Puff as shown by FSTrees and died there as per Find A Grave. Except for the Indiana Marriages record I've found no primary evidence to support any of this. I've not found Malinda or Daniel in either the 1860 or 1870 censuses.5
Death*	Malinda died before 11 August 1870, having been mentioned as deceased daughter in her father's will of this date.1
Estate-Will	Malinda was mentioned in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, as being his deceased daughter. Her share of his estate to go to her children.6

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Harriet Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis1,2 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey1,3 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

30 Jun 2022

Birth*	Harriet, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born on 22 September 1841 in Olive, St. Joseph Co., Indiana.1,4,5
Census1850	Harriet appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 9 yo Harriet Dennis.5
Marriage*	She married James Luther on 31 May 1857 in Ohio Co., Indiana. License date was 29 May. In the 1900 census they show married 40 years with 9 born and 9 living. Their children as shown by census records were Artesia, Charles M, Maryette, Clara F, Louisa, Andrew Emilach, Susan A, Abigail G, Clarence Ellis, William H and Ruby Luther. Bessie M Luther is alleged by FSTrees but never shows in a census.6,7,4
Census1860*	Harriet and James appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 7 June 1860, as 22 yo carpenter James & 18 yo Harriet Louther. Their 1 yo son Archa was listed as living with them.8
Census1870	Harriet and James appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Wills Twp., LaPorte Co., Indiana, enumerated 21 July 1870, as 31 yo farmer James & 29 yo housekeeper Harriet Luther. Their children 11 yo Artesia, 9 yo Charles, 7 yo female Mariett, 5 yo Clara F, 4 yo Louisa Bell and 2 yo male Imilach Luther were listed as living with them. Note female Artesia was male Archa in the 1860 census.9
Estate-Will	Harriet was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, as being his deceased daughter.10
Census1880	Harriet and James appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Olive Twp., St. Joseph Co., Indiana, enumerated 11 June 1880, as 44 yo farmer Luther & 39 yo wife Harriet Luther. Their children 19 yo Charles, 17 yo Maryett, 16 yo Clara F, 11 yo Andrew E, 9 yo Susan, 7 yo Abbagil, 5 yo Clarance E and 2 yo William H Luther were listed as living with them.11
Census1900	Harriet and James appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Olive Twp., St. Joseph Co., Indiana, enumerated 9 June 1900, as 66 yo James & 60 yo Harriet Luther. Their 14 yo daughter Ruby Luther was listed as living with them.12
Death*	Harriet died on 6 June 1902 in New Carlisle, St. Joseph Co., Indiana, at age 60, of St. Anthony Dance (Sydenham chorea, a rare neurological syndrome associated with acute rheumatic fever). Find A Grave says 06 June, her death certificate 08 June.1,4
Burial*	She was buried at Olive Chapel Cemetery in New Carlisle, St. Joseph Co., Indiana. Headstone photo is available at Find A Grave.4

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Nancy Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis2 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey3 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

29 Apr 2024

Birth*	Nancy, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born in 1843 in Indiana.4,5
Census1850	Nancy appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 7 yo Nancy Dennis.4
Census1860	Nancy appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 16 yo Nancy Dennis.6
Marriage*	She married Isaac N. Robbins on 7 March 1862. 07 March is the license date. No event date given in their marriage record. Their children, based on census records and FSTrees, were Willard S, Howard, Emma Augusta, Dora, Grace, Victor Parker, Edna L and Jesse Leroy Robbins. After Nancy's death Isaac allegedly m2 Christina Hensley in 1899, then m3 Frances Jane Ward in 1911. There's an Illinois, County Marriages, 1810-1940 record for the Ward marriage.7,1,8
Census1870*	Nancy and Isaac appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Cotton Twp., Switzerland Co., Indiana, enumerated 9 August 1870, as 28 yo farmer Isaac & 26 yo housekeeper Nancy Robins. Their children 6 yo Wiliam, 4 yo Howard and 2 yo Emma A Robins were listed as living with them.5
Estate-Will	Nancy was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, as being his deceased daughter.9
Census1880	Nancy and Isaac appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Columbia Twp., Martin Co., Indiana, enumerated 8 June 1880, as 37 yo laborer Asa & 35 yo wife Nancy Robins. Their children 14 yo Howard, 12 yo Emma, 10 yo Dora, 6 yo Grace and 3 yo Victor Robins were listed as living with them.10
Death*	FSTrees (Benjamin Dennis (1809-1875, ID no. LDTS-MXN) and Anna Downey (1813-1866, ID no. LVRJ-7X3)) claims she died in 1895 w/o citation.
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 18 March 2020 re Find A Grave. This is not the Nancy Marie Robbins Dennis (1828-1910), Find A Grave memorial no. 115576744, who married Richard John Dennis (1826-1922.)11

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Ethan Allen Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis1 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey1 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

30 Jun 2022

Birth*	Ethan, son of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born circa 30 June 1849.1
Death*	Ethan died on 15 June 1850, 'aged 11 months 16 days'.1
Burial*	He was buried at Downey Cemetery, Ohio Co., Indiana.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Albert Dennis¹

Last Edited

29 Apr 2024

ResearchNote*	Research Note of 1 July 2022 re FSTrees. Entries for Benjamin Dennis, 1809-1875, ID no. LDTS-MXN and Anna Downey 1813-1866, ID no. LVRJ-7X3 claim Albert is son of Benjamin and Anna but I've found no primary evidence in support.      There are seven with the Dennis surname buried in Downey Cemetery. They are Albert, his parents Benjamin & Anna, and his brothers Ethan and Hiram. The other two are unknowns Benjamin (unk-1866) and Mary (1823-1884). It's possible that Albert is their son.1
Birth*	Albert was born on 3 October 1851.2
Death*	Albert died on 19 July 1855 at age 3.2
Burial*	He was buried at Downey Cemetery, Ohio Co., Indiana.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Roxana Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis2,3 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey3 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

18 Sep 2022

Birth*	Roxana, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born in 1853.1
Census1860	Roxana appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of her parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 5 yo Rossana Dennis.3
Marriage*	She married George Washington Robbins on 21 August 1869 in Switzerland Co., Indiana. License dated same day.      Their children as determined by census records and generally corroborated by FSTrees were Harry Addison, Clyde Wilson, Alice Clara, George Austin and Carl Alvin Robbins. FSTrees claims one other daughter, Sophia Blanche Robbins, but the sources are sketchy at best and she's not found in the census where she'd have been only 1 yo (if FSTrees's birthyear is to be believed).4,5
Census1870*	Roxana and George appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Pike Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 30 June 1870, as 24 yo farmer George & 16 yo housekeeper Roxanna Robbins. George's parents Isaac & Lydia live next door above.6
Estate-Will	Roxana was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, as being his deceased daughter.7
Census1880	Roxana and George appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Cotton Twp., Switzerland Co., Indiana, enumerated 8 June 1880, as 34 yo farmer George & 26 yo housekeeper Rociana Robbins. Their children 9 yo Harry A, 8 yo female Clida W, 4 yo Allice C and 0.2 yo George A Robbins were listed as living with them, as well as George's 76 yo physician father Isaac Robbins.8
Death*	Roxana died in 1897 in Indiana.1
Burial*	She was buried at Olive Branch Cemetery in Bear Branch, Ohio Co., Indiana. Joint headstone photo w/ husband George and son Austin is available at Find A Grave.1

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Hiram Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis1 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey2 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

13 Dec 2024

Birth*	Hiram, son of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born in 1856. Year of 1856 jives well w/ his headstone inscription of 1883 reading '26 yers'.3
Census1860	Hiram appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 3 yo Hiram Dennis.2
Census1870	Hiram appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, Benjamin Dennis and Mary Lnu, as 14 yo Hiram Dennis.4
Estate-Will	Hiram was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, his father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, receiving the west 80 acres of his land.5
Marriage*	He married Rosanna Edith Pitman on 28 March 1882 in Ohio Co., Indiana. My preliminary research suggests their only child was Nellie Hazel Dennis (1883-1958, m. David Bliss 1882 Switzerland, IN).6,7
Death*	Hiram died on 27 May 1883.3
Burial*	He was buried at Downey Cemetery, Ohio Co., Indiana. Find A Grave claims the inscription reads '26 yers'.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Franklin Dennis¹

Father	Benjamin Dennis2,1 b. 3 Jan 1809, d. 29 Sep 1875
Mother	Anna Downey3,1 b. 1814, d. 24 Sep 1886

Last Edited

29 Apr 2024

Birth*	Franklin, son of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, was born circa 1836 in Indiana. Franklin is not listed by FSTrees.4,1
Census1840	Franklin is probably the male under age 5 listed in the household of his father, Benjamin Dennis, in the 1840 Federal Census of Dearborn Co., Indiana.1
Census1850	Franklin appeared on the 1850 Federal Census of Div. 2, Ohio Co., Indiana in the household of his parents, Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, as 14 yo Franklin Dennis.4
Estate-Will	Franklin was named an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, his father, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, receiving a portion of 40 acres after his mother's decease or remarriage.5
Death*	Franklin died after 11 August 1870, having been mentioned in his father's will of this date.2
ResearchNote*	Research Note of 17 March 2020 re 1860 census. There's a 23 yo Franklin w/ 22 yo wife Elmira and 3 yo daughter Sarah Dennis in the 1860 census for Pike, Ohio, IN. This person is apparently not our Franklin. There's a Find A Grave memorial (41301600) showing the wife as Almira Robbins and Franklin's parents as John Dennis and Eleanor Traver.6

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

Mary Lnu¹

Last Edited

20 Sep 2022

Birth*	Mary was born circa 1823 in New York.1
Marriage*	She married Benjamin Dennis between 1866 and 1870. I've not found a marriage record but Mary's surname is Dennis in the 1870. Ben's m1 Anna died in 1866.2,1
Census1870*	Mary and Benjamin appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 14 July 1870, as 61 yo farmer Benjamin and 47 yo housekeeper Mary Dennis. Their son Hiram was listed as living with them.1
Estate-Will	Mary was named executrix and an heir in the will of Benjamin Dennis, her husband, dated 11 August 1870 at Ohio Co., Indiana, receiving the residual of his personal estate, plus 80 acres and his dwelling during her lifetime or widowhood.3

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.

James Luther¹

Last Edited

30 Jun 2022

Birth*	James was born on 8 November 1836 in Indiana.2
Marriage*	He married Harriet Dennis, daughter of Benjamin Dennis and Anna Downey, on 31 May 1857 in Ohio Co., Indiana. License date was 29 May. In the 1900 census they show married 40 years with 9 born and 9 living. Their children as shown by census records were Artesia, Charles M, Maryette, Clara F, Louisa, Andrew Emilach, Susan A, Abigail G, Clarence Ellis, William H and Ruby Luther. Bessie M Luther is alleged by FSTrees but never shows in a census.3,4,1
Census1860*	James and Harriet appeared on the 1860 Federal Census of Cass Twp., Ohio Co., Indiana, enumerated 7 June 1860, as 22 yo carpenter James & 18 yo Harriet Louther. Their 1 yo son Archa was listed as living with them.5
Census1870	James and Harriet appeared on the 1870 Federal Census of Wills Twp., LaPorte Co., Indiana, enumerated 21 July 1870, as 31 yo farmer James & 29 yo housekeeper Harriet Luther. Their children 11 yo Artesia, 9 yo Charles, 7 yo female Mariett, 5 yo Clara F, 4 yo Louisa Bell and 2 yo male Imilach Luther were listed as living with them. Note female Artesia was male Archa in the 1860 census.6
Census1880	James and Harriet appeared on the 1880 Federal Census of Olive Twp., St. Joseph Co., Indiana, enumerated 11 June 1880, as 44 yo farmer Luther & 39 yo wife Harriet Luther. Their children 19 yo Charles, 17 yo Maryett, 16 yo Clara F, 11 yo Andrew E, 9 yo Susan, 7 yo Abbagil, 5 yo Clarance E and 2 yo William H Luther were listed as living with them.7
Census1900	James and Harriet appeared on the 1900 Federal Census of Olive Twp., St. Joseph Co., Indiana, enumerated 9 June 1900, as 66 yo James & 60 yo Harriet Luther. Their 14 yo daughter Ruby Luther was listed as living with them.8
Census1910*	James appeared on the 1910 Federal Census of Olive Twp., St. Joseph Co., Indiana, as 79 yo widowed father James Luther in the household of his son Charley M Luther and wife Emma.9
Death*	James died on 8 October 1910 in Olive, St. Joseph Co., Indiana, at age 73.2
Burial*	He was buried at Olive Chapel Cemetery in New Carlisle, St. Joseph Co., Indiana. Headstone photo is available at Find A Grave.2

This website is a work in progress and no doubt contains some errors. Please review the citations when evaluating the reliability of this information.